shipping containers – everything you need to know about shipping containers, containers in the UK and cargo containers for shipping anywhere in the world. Shipping Containers can be hired or purchased in the UK, the well-known suppliers can be found at; http://shipping-containers.org/uk-directory-form Welcome to shipping containers information on The UK-Directory supported by shipping-containers.org The most common reason why people use our website is to find which supplier shipping-containers.org is recommending for buying or hiring shipping containers. If you purchase or rent a shipping container from any of our recommended suppliers please let us know if they are maintaining their usual high standards and value for money, email; info@shipping-containers.org There are many other companies specialising in supplying new and used ISO marine shipping containers - more commonly known as shipping containers. Shipping containers are available for sale - to buy or for you to hire in the UK - either for short term renting or long term rental and you can also arrange for shipping container conversions to be carried out. ISO marine shipping containers can be converted into offices, construction site offices, equipment stores, general stores, kitchens, washrooms, changing rooms, recording studios, accomodation units - in fact, the possibilities are endless and are only limited by your imagination. The majority of those interested in shipping containers are generally either looking for secure storage, and for that purpose shipping containers are ideal.You may be planning to transport cargo, personal effects perhap or a car etc. If you are looking to buy or rent steel shipping containers shipping-containers.org has been specifically set-up to help you. A great deal of research has been carried out on your behalf - which should save you time and money. Please add us to your favourites and check back with us for further developments. We aim to provide you with all the information you will ever need about shipping containers in the UK now and long into the future. You will benefit from our extensive research and will give you access to all the information you need about steel shipping containers. We intend to include everything we can on this website. If you cannot find what you are looking for we are happy to correspond with you by email in order to offer further help to you - however we are unable to answer telephone calls at this time. Please email your shipping container enquiries to; info@shipping-containers.org A brief history of shipping containers: The basic purpose of a container is to speed up the loading and unloading of cargo. They were first used in the 1950s. The freight forwarding industry are the single main users of ISO containers; generally there are two sizes - 20ft or 40ft ISO CSC plated marine shipping containers that are used for shipping cargo. What are the common names used to describe ISO marine shipping containers? Here is a list; 20ft Containers 40ft Containers Boxes Cargo Containers Shipping Containers Steel Shipping Containers Storage Containers You should fully consider your need for buying or renting steel shipping containers before you make your final decision about who to buy or rent shipping containers from and how many and for how much money you should spend on your new or used shipping containers. What types of ISO marine shipping containers are available? Here is a list; Open-tops - as you would expect these open on the top Half heights - non-standard size containers Reefers - these are refrigerated containers, temperature controlled Insulated containers - these are containers that have a reduced tendency to condensation Cheapest is not always best, even if you believe a broken down old container costing £100 less may be worth the risk - always ensure that the container will provide you with what you need for the length of time you need it. Sale and rental of new and used steel shipping containers can be offered as short term container rentals and long term container rental. Hiring a steel shipping container static storage and secure on site storage is very common and often the perfect use for a container. 40ft containers and 20ft marine storage containers are the most common sizes. You need not pay too much for a good container and they can often be cheap or cheaper than you might imagine. Conversion of shipping containers for new uses are very environmentally friendly, they are cost effective for office containers, work-shops, secure storage, construction site offices, laboratories, kitchens, canteens, shower blocks, toilet blocks - the list is endless. Sales of new and used 40 foot and 20 foot steel ISO shipping containers. New and used shipping containers are are generally wind and water tight. Damaged containers can be repaired and once again be in a shippable state - or cargo-worthy. Depending on your requirements you should specify to your supplier precisely how you intend to use your container - your supplier should then be able to supply you with a suitable shipping container - for shipping or for storage. The most reliable shipping containers are new containers - but they naturally cost the most money. Insulated or uninsulated? The cost goes up for insulated containers. The delivery of containers to the loading point and on to the port of departure is an important consideration. The logistics involved can often be complex and potentially expensive. A good shiping container supplier will arrange the freight forwarding of goods to their destination. Using special equipment to transport and off-load the container - for example Hiab (or Hi-Ab) vehicles or heavy lift side loading vehicles and full size cranes or other special rquipment may be needed - the costs for these arrangements can vary widely according to your particular circumstances Your shipping ISO container sales or ISO container hire requirements should be fully discussed with your supplier and freight forwarder. New and used steel shipping containers for sale at an affordable price steel shipping container rentals, so you can rent the steel shipping container for as long as you require. In other words, buying your container may not be the most cost effective method to get one - consider hiring your container short-term or long-term. New or used steel shipping containers should be of a suitable quality or standard and should be guaranteed to do the job they were designed for. Steel shipping containers can be leased, purchased or on a 'hire to buy' arrangement whether the steel storage containers are new or used. If you cannot find the steel shipping container that you require from our recommended suppliers on this site, please complete fill the enquiry form and we will arrange for suitable hand-picked suppliers to email you with their quotes the form will request your specifications to enable us to contact the right suppliers for you. So if you are looking for steel shipping containers, either to buy or to rent, then this website has all you need to remember - shipping-containers.org. We can offer any advice you need. Any company or organisation we may recommend does not provide a warranty or guarantee from shipping-containers.org we are simply suggesting that you consider that company as a suitable supplier. Any business that you transact with that company has nothing whatsover to do with shipping-containers.org.General information about shipping-containers.org: This website contains useful and detailed information for anyone searching for Shipping containers, ISO marine Shipping Containers, any queries regarding shipping containers or issues around any shipping container, containers for storage or shipping - what is involved in shipping containers which are also known as boxes - these can be converted into workshops, open tops, half heights, tank containers, issues surrounding haulage, budget containers, also information for leasing or transporting by lorry for removal or removals. We cover issues around offloading, painted or painting containers - offloading is a complex procedure - we help simplify the understanding of what is involved. All prices of shipping containers are constantly monitored to ensure any advice we give is up-to-date. Containers need to be packed and we cover packaging issues here on shipping-containers.org. The process of changing a shipping container into portable site-offices, stables (or a single stable), international information about overseas containers for those moving (relocation), warehousing, all the logistics involved, how packaging has a role, the business and services surrounding shipping containers, whether for domestic, export solutions, general solution to shipping container problems particularly in the UK. We aim to offer an efficient service to everyone in the shipping containers business - for both buyers and sellers. We want to become the place you trust and will recommend us to others. All products or product that requires transporting - industrial waste where you need a quote or quotation or an estimate - you may have an estimated weight you wish to specify for moving furniture say from example - from london, essex, kent, surrey, hertfordshire, north of england, south of england, devon, cornwall, wales, scotland or ireland - we can help.In fact we can help with all worldwide ships, shipping - including ports - for example shipping a Car - who the main shippers are. All issues about bulk buying or commercial shipping container sales. Many people are also interested in information regarding custom or bespoke shipping containers - in other words a customised shipping container. What about insurance - how do you insure a container - what does roll on and roll off mean? How many doors are there on a container? Is there a single door and are the doors lockable for use as a cabin - locks are generalyy fitted but when a unit hire company supplies the shipping containers do they supply the ISO maritime shipping containers with security to protect the content - nobody wants the contents to be stolen. In all these subjects shipping-containers.org is here to assist. Any cargo container or cargo containers are valuable - even secondhand containers - in fact the majority of all containers are second hand. Second-hand is not necessarily cheapest though. Our resource is informative for anyone seeking information about shipping containers - especially in the UK. The types of containers are quite varied - we explain the difference between flat rack - flat racks - dry containers, insured containers, how to house a container properly, how cars can be shipped, are the containers watertight, waterproof or generally weatherproof. Our website is not just for the uk - the world, our approach is global. All containers should be securely locked high cube or any other types. What about baggage - all the details you need are here. All shipping containers should be wateright, waerproof and weatherproof. Text on this website is protected by copyright law - unauthorised reproduction strictly prohibited in part or in whole. shipping-containers.org Welcome to shipping-containers.org If you purchase or rent a shipping container from any of our recommended suppliers please let us know if they are maintaining their usual high standards and value for money, email; info@shipping-containers.org There are many other companies specialising in supplying new and used ISO marine shipping containers - more commonly known as shipping containers. Shipping containers are available for sale - to buy or for you to hire in the UK - either for short term renting or long term rental and you can also arrange for shipping container conversions to be carried out. ISO marine shipping containers can be converted into offices, construction site offices, equipment stores, general stores, kitchens, washrooms, changing rooms, recording studios, accomodation units - in fact, the possibilities are endless and are only limited by your imagination. The majority of those interested in shipping containers are generally either looking for secure storage, and for that purpose shipping containers are ideal.You may be planning to transport cargo, personal effects perhap or a car etc. If you are looking to buy or rent steel shipping containers shipping-containers.org has been specifically set-up to help you. A great deal of research has been carried out on your behalf - which should save you time and money. Please add us to your favourites and check back with us for further developments. We aim to provide you with all the information you will ever need about shipping containers in the UK now and long into the future. You will benefit from our extensive research and will give you access to all the information you need about steel shipping containers. We intend to include everything we can on this website. If you cannot find what you are looking for we are happy to correspond with you by email in order to offer further help to you - however we are unable to answer telephone calls at this time. Please email your shipping container enquiries to; info@shipping-containers.org A brief history of shipping containers: The basic purpose of a container is to speed up the loading and unloading of cargo. They were first used in the 1950s. The freight forwarding industry are the single main users of ISO containers; generally there are two sizes - 20ft or 40ft ISO CSC plated marine shipping containers that are used for shipping cargo. What are the common names used to describe ISO marine shipping containers? Here is a list; 20ft Containers 40ft Containers Boxes Cargo Containers Shipping Containers Steel Shipping Containers Storage Containers You should fully consider your need for buying or renting steel shipping containers before you make your final decision about who to buy or rent shipping containers from and how many and for how much money you should spend on your new or used shipping containers. What types of ISO marine shipping containers are available? Here is a list; Open-tops - as you would expect these open on the top Half heights - non-standard size containers Reefers - these are refrigerated containers, temperature controlled Insulated containers - these are containers that have a reduced tendency to condensation Cheapest is not always best, even if you believe a broken down old container costing £100 less may be worth the risk - always ensure that the container will provide you with what you need for the length of time you need it. Sale and rental of new and used steel shipping containers can be offered as short term container rentals and long term container rental. Hiring a steel shipping container static storage and secure on site storage is very common and often the perfect use for a container. 40ft containers and 20ft marine storage containers are the most common sizes. You need not pay too much for a good container and they can often be cheap or cheaper than you might imagine. Conversion of shipping containers for new uses are very environmentally friendly, they are cost effective for office containers, work-shops, secure storage, construction site offices, laboratories, kitchens, canteens, shower blocks, toilet blocks - the list is endless. Sales of new and used 40 foot and 20 foot steel ISO shipping containers. New and used shipping containers are are generally wind and water tight. Damaged containers can be repaired and once again be in a shippable state - or cargo-worthy. Depending on your requirements you should specify to your supplier precisely how you intend to use your container - your supplier should then be able to supply you with a suitable shipping container - for shipping or for storage. The most reliable shipping containers are new containers - but they naturally cost the most money. Insulated or uninsulated? The cost goes up for insulated containers. The delivery of containers to the loading point and on to the port of departure is an important consideration. The logistics involved can often be complex and potentially expensive. A good shiping container supplier will arrange the freight forwarding of goods to their destination. Using special equipment to transport and off-load the container - for example Hiab (or Hi-Ab) vehicles or heavy lift side loading vehicles and full size cranes or other special rquipment may be needed - the costs for these arrangements can vary widely according to your particular circumstances Your shipping ISO container sales or ISO container hire requirements should be fully discussed with your supplier and freight forwarder. New and used steel shipping containers for sale at an affordable price steel shipping container rentals, so you can rent the steel shipping container for as long as you require. In other words, buying your container may not be the most cost effective method to get one - consider hiring your container short-term or long-term. New or used steel shipping containers should be of a suitable quality or standard and should be guaranteed to do the job they were designed for. Steel shipping containers can be leased, purchased or on a 'hire to buy' arrangement whether the steel storage containers are new or used. If you cannot find the steel shipping container that you require from our recommended suppliers on this site, please complete fill the enquiry form and we will arrange for suitable hand-picked suppliers to email you with their quotes the form will request your specifications to enable us to contact the right suppliers for you. So if you are looking for steel shipping containers, either to buy or to rent, then this website has all you need to remember - shipping-containers.org. We can offer any advice you need. Any company or organisation we may recommend does not provide a warranty or guarantee from shipping-containers.org we are simply suggesting that you consider that company as a suitable supplier. Any business that you transact with that company has nothing whatsover to do with shipping-containers.org.General information about shipping-containers.org: This website contains useful and detailed information for anyone searching for Shipping containers, ISO marine Shipping Containers, any queries regarding shipping containers or issues around any shipping container, containers for storage or shipping - what is involved in shipping containers which are also known as boxes - these can be converted into workshops, open tops, half heights, tank containers, issues surrounding haulage, budget containers, also information for leasing or transporting by lorry for removal or removals. We cover issues around offloading, painted or painting containers - offloading is a complex procedure - we help simplify the understanding of what is involved. All prices of shipping containers are constantly monitored to ensure any advice we give is up-to-date. Containers need to be packed and we cover packaging issues here on shipping-containers.org. The process of changing a shipping container into portable site-offices, stables (or a single stable), international information about overseas containers for those moving (relocation), warehousing, all the logistics involved, how packaging has a role, the business and services surrounding shipping containers, whether for domestic, export solutions, general solution to shipping container problems particularly in the UK. We aim to offer an efficient service to everyone in the shipping containers business - for both buyers and sellers. We want to become the place you trust and will recommend us to others. All products or product that requires transporting - industrial waste where you need a quote or quotation or an estimate - you may have an estimated weight you wish to specify for moving furniture say from example - from london, essex, kent, surrey, hertfordshire, north of england, south of england, devon, cornwall, wales, scotland or ireland - we can help.In fact we can help with all worldwide ships, shipping - including ports - for example shipping a Car - who the main shippers are. All issues about bulk buying or commercial shipping container sales. Many people are also interested in information regarding custom or bespoke shipping containers - in other words a customised shipping container. What about insurance - how do you insure a container - what does roll on and roll off mean? How many doors are there on a container? Is there a single door and are the doors lockable for use as a cabin - locks are generalyy fitted but when a unit hire company supplies the shipping containers do they supply the ISO maritime shipping containers with security to protect the content - nobody wants the contents to be stolen. In all these subjects shipping-containers.org is here to assist. Any cargo container or cargo containers are valuable - even secondhand containers - in fact the majority of all containers are second hand. Second-hand is not necessarily cheapest though. Our resource is informative for anyone seeking information about shipping containers - especially in the UK. The types of containers are quite varied - we explain the difference between flat rack - flat racks - dry containers, insured containers, how to house a container properly, how cars can be shipped, are the containers watertight, waterproof or generally weatherproof. Our website is not just for the uk - the world, our approach is global. All containers should be securely locked high cube or any other types. What about baggage - all the details you need are here. All shipping containers should be wateright, waerproof and weatherproof. Text on this website is protected by copyright law - unauthorised reproduction strictly prohibited in part or in whole. shipping-containers.org SHIPPING  CONTAINER INFORMATION Logistics Management is crucially important to success Cargo shipping   In the shipping container industry, there are a great number of  terms you should be familiar with in order to understand containers and shipping information. These relate to container dimensions, container capacity, container rating, tare mass, payloads, container tare mass, container payload, general purpose containers, dry cargo containers. reefers, refrigerated containers, tare weight, tares, container markings, container classifications, half height containers, TEU, twenty-foot equivalent unit, knots, cellular container ships, CBM, cubic measurements. container services, standard containers, hicube, high cube containers, cargo cubes, global shipping, import-export shipping, logistics, logistics management, logistics supports, shipping space, shipping order, S/O. shipping permits, shipping notes, dock receipts, master ships, mother ships, feeder vessels, transhipment, transshipment, transit shipment, dead freight, seaports, ports. freight forwarders, consolidators, freight consolidators, customs brokers, customs forwarders, brokers, customhouse brokers, customs house brokers, voyage, flight. groupage operators, shipping operators, shipping firms, shipping company, air shipping, ocean shipping, carriers, freight company, transport company, ETA, ETD, ETS. transportation, transports, ocean shipping company, freight containers, couriers, airlines, tariffs, custom tariffs, shipping dangerous goods, shipping schedules. air containers, ocean containers, shipping containers, container load, LCL, full container load, FCL, marine insurance, cargo insurance, import-export insurance. NVOCC, nonvessel operating common carriers, NVO, nonvessel owner carriers, nonvessel owning carriers, ocean freight consolidator, steamship. Container Dimensions and Capacity Containers intended for intercontinental use have external nominal dimensions of: Length   -----  9.8125 feet (2.991m) as 10 feet; 19.875 feet (6.058m) as 20 feet; 29.9375 feet (9.125m) as 30 feet; and 40 feet (12.192m) Width -----  8 feet (2.438m) Height -----  8.5 feet (2.591m) and 9.5 feet (2.896m) All the above dimensions have permissible tolerances. The 20 feet (20') and 40 feet (40') containers are very popular in ocean freight. The 8.5 feet (8.5') high container---8 feet 6 inches (8' 6") high container---is often referred to as standard container. The demand for the high cube container---hicube---is increasing. The popular high cube container has a normal height of 9.5 feet (9.5' or 9' 6"). There are half height containers (4.25' or 4' 3" high) designed for heavy loads such as steel rods and ingots, which absorb the weight limit in half the normal space. The most widely used type of container is the general purpose (dry cargo) container having a nominal length and height of 20' x 8.5', 40' x 8.5', and 40' x 9.5'. Referring to the below, the dimensions are not fixed, in other words the external and internal dimensions may vary among containers of the same length and height. The container capacity is the total cube a container can accommodate. The term cube or HQ often refers to the cubic measurement of cargo. The capacity (i.e., the internal volume) is determined by multiplying the internal dimensions, that is, the product of internal length, width and height. The capacity may vary among containers of the same length and height. Rating, Tare Mass and Payload of Containers Rating Rating is the maximum gross mass (or weight), that is, the maximum permissible weight of a container plus its contents. The rating of a 20' dry cargo container is 24,000 kgs. (52,900 lbs.), and a 40', including the high cube container, is 30,480 kgs. (67,200 lbs.). Tare Mass Tare Mass---tare weight or tare---is the mass (or weight) of empty container, including all fittings and appliances used in a particular type of container in its normal operating condition. The tare mass of containers may vary due to the different construction techniques and materials used in the container. A 20' x 8.5' dry cargo container may weigh 1,800 kgs. to 2,400 kgs., a 40' x 8.5' may weigh 2,800 kgs. to 4,000 kgs, and a 40' x 9.5' may weigh 3,900 kgs. to 4,200 kgs. Some dry cargo containers may fall outside the indicated weight range. The reefer weighs more than a dry cargo container of the same size.   Payload Payload is the maximum permitted mass (or weight) of payload, including the dunnage and cargo securement arrangements that are not associated with the container in its normal operating condition. Therefore, Payload = Rating - Tare Mass. If the tare mass of a 20' dry cargo container is 2,400 kgs. and a 40' is 3,900 kgs., the payload of 20' is 21,600 kgs. (i.e., 24,000 kgs. minus 2,400 kgs.) and 40' is 26,580 kgs. (i.e., 30,480 kgs. minus 3,900 kgs.). However, the exporter may be prohibited to have that much payload in areas where there are legal limitations to the overall load of a vehicle. In exporting, it is common to encounter a payload of 17,500 kgs. or less in the 20' container, and 24,000 kgs. or less in the 40' container. The Marking and Identification of Containers The rating, tare mass and payload of a container is marked on its wall, usually on the end (rear) door in the case of an end-loading dry cargo container. Each container has an identification code or container number---a combination of the 4-letter characters that identify the owner (the operator of container) and the 7-numeric characters that identify the container. The container number can be found on the outer and inner side walls. The container number is entered on the bill of lading to facilitate the identification and tracking of the container and the cargo. Dimension of General Purpose Containers Dimensions of Standard ISO Marine Shipping Containers CONTAINER Capacity Recommended Load Volume Nominal Dimension Length Width Height Cubic Feet Cubic Meter Cubic Feet Cubic Meter External 20' 8' 8' 6"     6.096 m 2.438 m 2.591 m Internal 19' 4.25" 7' 8.625" 7' 10" 1170 cft 1000 cft 5.899 m 2.353 m 2.388 m 33.131 cbm 28 cbm External 40' 8' 8' 6"     12.192 m 2.438 m 2.591 m Internal 39' 5.375" 7' 8.625" 7' 10" 2385 cft 2050 cft 12.024 m 2.353 m 2.388 m 67.535 cbm 58 cbm External 40' Hicube 8' 9' 6"     12.192 m 2.438 m 2.896 m Internal 39' 5.375" 7' 8.625" 8' 10" 2690 cft 2350 cft 12.024 m 2.353 m 2.692 m 76.172 cbm 66 cbm NOTE:   Containers with the same external length may not have exactly the same internal length and width.   The Recommended Load Volume (RLV) refers to the suggested maximum cube to use in calculating a full container load. The RLV can be about 10-15% less than the container capacity, depending on the dimensions.     Rear view of 20' x 8.5' container Miscalculated capacity may result in a large empty and unusable space or a shortage in space. For example (see 20' x 8.5' container diagram on the left), the master cartons have a uniform height of 20 inches, and the length and width are greater than the height. If 1170 cubic feet is used to calculate a 20' full container load, most likely some cartons will not fit despite the empty space of about 170 cubic feet. You cannot stuff the remaining cartons into the remaining 14" high empty space. SHIPPING  CONTAINERS and STORAGE considerations - Successful Logistics Management Throughout the shipping container industry, there are a great number of  terms you should be familiar with in order to understand containers and shipping information. These relate to Container packings, export corrugated cartons, export wooden cases, export boxes, export bales, container dimensions, import-export packings, import packs. export packages, import packages, pallets, pallet orientation, palletized cargo, import-export drums, bags, wooden cases, wooden crates, shipping pallets, pallet stowing. packing orientation, package orientation, TEU, twenty-foot equivalent unit, CBM, cubic measurements, knots, cellular container ships, multimodal transport, combined transport bill of lading, through bill of lading. Forwarders, freight forwarders, consolidators, freight consolidators, customs forwarders, container classifications, box, LO/LO, lift on, lift off, ISO, ISO freight containers, International Organization for Standardization. platform, flat racks, general cargo containers, specific cargo containers, general purpose containers, dry cargo containers, closed ventilated containers, container ventilation, open top containers, thermal container, reefers, freight reefers. insulated container, refrigerated containers, heated containers, tank containers, dry bulk containers, unit load device, ULD, IATA, International Air Transport Association, air containers, ocean containers, shipping containers, container load, LCL, full container load, FCL. TEU, twenty-foot equivalent unit, knots, cellular container ships, multimodal transport, combined transport bill of lading, through bill of lading, CBM, cubic measurements. container services, standard containers, hicube, high cube containers, cargo cubes, global shipping, import-export shipping, logistics, logistics management, logistics supports, shipping space, shipping order, S/O. Shipping permits, shipping notes, dock receipts, master ships, mother ships, feeder vessels, transhipment, transshipment, transit shipment, dead freight, seaports, ports. freight forwarders, consolidators, freight consolidators, customs brokers, customs forwarders, brokers, customhouse brokers, customs house brokers, voyage, flight. groupage operators, shipping operators, shipping firms, shipping company, air shipping, ocean shipping, carriers, freight company, transport company, ETA, ETD, ETS. transportation, transports, ocean shipping company, freight containers, couriers, airlines, tariffs, custom tariffs, shipping dangerous goods, shipping schedules. air containers, ocean containers, shipping containers, container load, LCL, full container load, FCL, marine insurance, cargo insurance, import-export insurance. NVOCC, nonvessel operating common carriers, NVO, nonvessel owner carriers, nonvessel owning carriers, ocean freight consolidator, and steamship. Containers efficient packing Corrugated Cartons, Wooden Cases/Boxes, and Bales The basic information on how to efficiently pack (load) the containers is being discussed here. There are several container-loading software in the market in which the exporters and shippers may use to generate the efficient way of packing (loading) the containers. The cube relation, that is, the dimension of export pack in relation to the internal dimensions of the container, is used to efficiently pack a container ready for shipping. Refer to the diagram below, a regular-shaped export pack (carton) has six different possible orientations as follows: Export Pack Orientation (1)     A || D       B || W       C || H (2) A || D B || H C || W (3) A || H B || W C || D (4) A || W B || D C || H (5) A || H B || D C || W (6) A || W B || H C || D LEGEND: "||"  means parallel to "A" represents the external length of carton "B" represents the external width of carton "C" represents the external height of carton "D" represents the internal length (deep) of container "W" represents the internal width (wide) of container "H" represents the internal height of container The orientation or a combination of orientations that allows the greatest number of packs or the highest multiple of packs is the most efficient method of packing. Referring to the method (A) of stowing the container is the export pack orientation (1) shown above, the method (B) is the orientation (4), and the method (C) is the combination of orientations (1) and (4). The product DX demands the stowage of cartons in an upright position. Other orientations cannot be used as the product could be damaged.